The external features of a guqin include the body, surface, shaft, and string axis. The body of a guqin is the main part, which can be divided into three types: long body, short body, and small body, with the long body being the mainstream. The visible part on the piano surface has seven string tracks and thirteen badges. The shaft refers to the axle used for the strings, and buyers need to check if it is in good condition and if there is excessive wear. The chord axis refers to the mechanical part used for tuning and also needs to be checked for completeness.
Guqin can be divided into cedar and tung wood qin (Wutong, not Paulownia from Henan). These two materials are not necessarily good or bad, but due to the difficulty in finding old Chinese parasol wood, most of the so-called tung wood qin nowadays is replaced by paulownia. Paulownia has an extremely fast growth cycle, so although the wood is loose and treated, its unstable wood properties greatly reduce its collection value. The price of Laoshan Qin is relatively expensive, but its wood quality is stable, and its timbre can also play better, which has high practical and collectible value. The famous Tang Dynasty Lei Qin was made of cedar wood. According to the Record of Langyi (14), Lei Wei plays the qin, without having to use all the trees. When encountering a strong wind and snow, he goes to Emei alone to drink, wearing a straw hat, and enters the deep pine. He who listens to its continuous and melodious sound cuts it down, using it as a qin, which is better than the trees. The pine here refers to Emei pine, which is also known as the Emei fir. Most of the top quality of modern pianists are made of old cedar wood. Among the ancient qin styles that exist today, there are Fuxi, Lingji, Shennong, Lianzhu, Zhongni, Shikuang, Luoxia, Jiaoye, and other qin styles, among which the most common are Zhongni, Lianzhu, Fuxi, and so on. The names of Qin style are often derived from myths, historical allusions, or natural phenomena, and each name is a symbol.
The price of guqin in the market is very complex, and the price may vary depending on the production process, material, and level of guqin. At present, the price of guqin on the market is generally between several thousand to several hundred thousand yuan. Generally speaking, guqin priced below 10000 yuan belongs to the entry-level category and is made by some mid to low grade wood and simple craftsmen. Although they are relatively affordable, their sound quality and appearance are relatively mediocre. If it is used as an introductory practice for beginners, it is still acceptable, but if it is used as a professional performer, it is difficult to choose this type of guqin to achieve a high-level performance effect. Guqin priced between 10000 and 30000 yuan belongs to the middle class and is made by some high-level qin craftsmen. Most of these qin craftsmen have years of learning and practice, and have certain professional skills in selecting qin body materials, developing production tools, and carving qin bodies. Therefore, the sound quality and appearance of this type of qin can be improved to some extent, and there may also be some artistic value. Guqin with a price of over 50000 yuan is a relatively high-end one, handmade by senior craftsmen. It usually uses high-quality materials such as cowhide and purple bamboo, and the craftsmanship of the qin body is more complex. It may even undergo special decoration, carving, and other processing techniques, and the sound quality is also good, which is likely to be considered top-notch. However, due to the high price, generally only some collectors or enthusiasts will purchase.
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